THE BEEKEEPER'S YEAR
This is a suggested checklist of activities for the beekeeper. Note that
weather, climate, neighborhood and even the type of bees you have will
influence such activities. The list gives you an overview of what's
going on each month in the hive. It also suggests some important tasks
for the beekeeper, and provides a rough estimate of the amount of time
you might spend with your bees during a given month.
Check this site frequently for additional detail and special notes.
Check this site frequently for additional detail and special notes.
January
The Bees
The queen is surrounded by thousand of her workers. She is in the midst of their winter cluster. There is little activity except on a warm day (about 45-50 degrees) when the workers will take the opportunity to make cleansing flights. There are no drones in the hive, but some worker brood will begin to appear in the hive. The bees will consume about 25 pounds of stored honey this month.
The Beekeeper
Little work is required from you at the hives. If there is heavy snow, make certain the entrance to the hive is cleared to allow for proper ventilation. This is a great time to catch up on your reading about bees, attend bee club meetings, and build and repair equipment for next season. Order package bees (if needed) from a reputable supplier. Time Spent: Estimate less than an hour
The queen is surrounded by thousand of her workers. She is in the midst of their winter cluster. There is little activity except on a warm day (about 45-50 degrees) when the workers will take the opportunity to make cleansing flights. There are no drones in the hive, but some worker brood will begin to appear in the hive. The bees will consume about 25 pounds of stored honey this month.
The Beekeeper
Little work is required from you at the hives. If there is heavy snow, make certain the entrance to the hive is cleared to allow for proper ventilation. This is a great time to catch up on your reading about bees, attend bee club meetings, and build and repair equipment for next season. Order package bees (if needed) from a reputable supplier. Time Spent: Estimate less than an hour
February
The Bees
The queen, still cozy in the cluster, will begin to lay a few more eggs each day. It is still "females only" in the hive. Workers will take cleansing flights on mild days. The bees will consume about 25 pounds of honey this month.
The Beekeeper
There is not too much to do this month. Attend bee club meetings/workshops, read and ready your equipment for spring.
Time Spent: Estimate less than one hour
The queen, still cozy in the cluster, will begin to lay a few more eggs each day. It is still "females only" in the hive. Workers will take cleansing flights on mild days. The bees will consume about 25 pounds of honey this month.
The Beekeeper
There is not too much to do this month. Attend bee club meetings/workshops, read and ready your equipment for spring.
Time Spent: Estimate less than one hour
March
The Bees
This is the month when colonies can die of starvation. However, if you fed them plenty of sugar syrup in the autumn this should not happen. With the days growing longer, the queen steadily increases her rate of egg laying. More brood means more food consumed. The bees will continue to consume honey stores.
The Beekeeper
Early in the month, on a nice mild day, and when there is no wind and bees are flying, you can have a quick peek inside your hive. It's best not to remove the frames. Just have a look-see under the cover. If you do not see any sealed honey in the top frames, you may need to begin some emergency feeding. But remember, once you start, you should not stop until they are bringing in their own food supplies. If you are planning on getting swarms have enough equipment on hand and ready to go. Time Spent: Estimate 2 hours this month
This is the month when colonies can die of starvation. However, if you fed them plenty of sugar syrup in the autumn this should not happen. With the days growing longer, the queen steadily increases her rate of egg laying. More brood means more food consumed. The bees will continue to consume honey stores.
The Beekeeper
Early in the month, on a nice mild day, and when there is no wind and bees are flying, you can have a quick peek inside your hive. It's best not to remove the frames. Just have a look-see under the cover. If you do not see any sealed honey in the top frames, you may need to begin some emergency feeding. But remember, once you start, you should not stop until they are bringing in their own food supplies. If you are planning on getting swarms have enough equipment on hand and ready to go. Time Spent: Estimate 2 hours this month
April
The Bees
The weather begins to improve, and the early blossoms begin to appear. The bees begin to bring pollen into the hive. The queen is busily laying eggs, and the population is growing fast. The drones will begin to appear.
The Beekeeper
On a warm and still day do your first comprehensive inspection. Can you find evidence of the queen? Are there plenty of eggs and brood? Is there a nice pattern to her egg laying? Later in the month, on a very mild and windless day, you should consider reversing the hive deeps. This will allow for a better distribution of brood, and stimulate the growth of the colony. You can begin to feed the hive. Time Spent: Estimate 3 hours
The weather begins to improve, and the early blossoms begin to appear. The bees begin to bring pollen into the hive. The queen is busily laying eggs, and the population is growing fast. The drones will begin to appear.
The Beekeeper
On a warm and still day do your first comprehensive inspection. Can you find evidence of the queen? Are there plenty of eggs and brood? Is there a nice pattern to her egg laying? Later in the month, on a very mild and windless day, you should consider reversing the hive deeps. This will allow for a better distribution of brood, and stimulate the growth of the colony. You can begin to feed the hive. Time Spent: Estimate 3 hours
May
The Bees
Now the activity really starts hopping. The nectar and pollen should begin to come into the hive thick and fast. The queen will be reaching her greatest rate of egg laying. The hive should be bursting with activity.
The Beekeeper
Add a queen excluder, and place honey supers on top of the top deep. Watch out for swarming. Inspect the hive weekly. Attend bee club meetings and workshops. Time Spent: Estimate 4-5 hours this month
Now the activity really starts hopping. The nectar and pollen should begin to come into the hive thick and fast. The queen will be reaching her greatest rate of egg laying. The hive should be bursting with activity.
The Beekeeper
Add a queen excluder, and place honey supers on top of the top deep. Watch out for swarming. Inspect the hive weekly. Attend bee club meetings and workshops. Time Spent: Estimate 4-5 hours this month
June
The Bees
Unswarmed colonies will be boiling with bees. The queen's rate of egg laying may drop a bit this month. The main honey flow should happen this month.
The Beekeeper
Inspect the hive weekly to make certain the hive is healthy and the queen is present. Add honey supers as needed. Keep up swarm inspections. Attend bee club meetings and workshops. Time Spent: Estimate 4-5 hours.
Unswarmed colonies will be boiling with bees. The queen's rate of egg laying may drop a bit this month. The main honey flow should happen this month.
The Beekeeper
Inspect the hive weekly to make certain the hive is healthy and the queen is present. Add honey supers as needed. Keep up swarm inspections. Attend bee club meetings and workshops. Time Spent: Estimate 4-5 hours.
July
The Bees
If the weather is good, the nectar flow may continue this month. On hot and humid nights, you may see a huge curtain of bees cooling themselves on the exterior of the hive.
The Beekeeper
Continue inspections to assure the health of your colony. Add more honey supers if needed. Keep your fingers crossed in anticipation of a great honey harvest. Time Spent: Estimate 2-3 hours
If the weather is good, the nectar flow may continue this month. On hot and humid nights, you may see a huge curtain of bees cooling themselves on the exterior of the hive.
The Beekeeper
Continue inspections to assure the health of your colony. Add more honey supers if needed. Keep your fingers crossed in anticipation of a great honey harvest. Time Spent: Estimate 2-3 hours
August
The Bees
The colony's growth is diminishing. Drones are still around, but outside activity begins to slow down as the nectar flow slows.
The Beekeeper
No more chance of swarming. Watch for honey robbing by wasps or other bees. There is not too much for you to do this month. Have a little holiday. Time Spent: Estimate about an hour or two.
The colony's growth is diminishing. Drones are still around, but outside activity begins to slow down as the nectar flow slows.
The Beekeeper
No more chance of swarming. Watch for honey robbing by wasps or other bees. There is not too much for you to do this month. Have a little holiday. Time Spent: Estimate about an hour or two.
September
The Bees
The drones may begin to disappear this month. The hive population is dropping. The queen's egg laying is dramatically reduced.
The Beekeeper
Harvest your honey crop. Remember to leave the colony with at least 60 pounds of honey for winter. Check for the queen's presence. Continue feeding until the bees will take no more syrup. Time Spent: Estimate 2-3 hours
The drones may begin to disappear this month. The hive population is dropping. The queen's egg laying is dramatically reduced.
The Beekeeper
Harvest your honey crop. Remember to leave the colony with at least 60 pounds of honey for winter. Check for the queen's presence. Continue feeding until the bees will take no more syrup. Time Spent: Estimate 2-3 hours
October
The Bees
Not much activity from the bees. They are hunkering down for the winter.
The Beekeeper
Watch out for robbing. Install inner cover wedges for ventilation. Install mouse guard at entrance of hive. Place insulate boards under hive cover to help keep colony dry. Setup a wind break if necessary. Finish winter feeding. Time Spent: Estimate 2 hours
Not much activity from the bees. They are hunkering down for the winter.
The Beekeeper
Watch out for robbing. Install inner cover wedges for ventilation. Install mouse guard at entrance of hive. Place insulate boards under hive cover to help keep colony dry. Setup a wind break if necessary. Finish winter feeding. Time Spent: Estimate 2 hours
November
The Bees
Even less activity this month. The cold weather will send them into a cluster.
The Beekeeper
Store your equipment away for the winter. Time Spent: About one hour this month
Even less activity this month. The cold weather will send them into a cluster.
The Beekeeper
Store your equipment away for the winter. Time Spent: About one hour this month
December
The Bees
The bees are in a tight cluster. No peeking.
The Beekeeper
There's nothing you can do with the bees. Read a good book on beekeeping, and enjoy the holidays! Time Spent: None
The bees are in a tight cluster. No peeking.
The Beekeeper
There's nothing you can do with the bees. Read a good book on beekeeping, and enjoy the holidays! Time Spent: None